Gyratory crusher

ABSTRACT

A gyratory crusher with a movable crushing head whose center of oscillation is provided below a crushing chamber of the machine. The shaft of the crushing head is hollow and passing inside the hollow shaft is an eccentric shaft whose eccentric is connected to the upper end of the crushing head shaft. A drive rotating the eccentric shaft is provided in the lower portion of the crusher frame and connected to the lower end of the eccentric shaft. Such a construction permits the lower arrangement of the center of oscillation of the crushing head to be retained and avoids the necessity of arranging the eccentric shaft drive in the upper portion of the crusher frame. Hence charging of the crusher with a material to be processed is facilitated and the balancing of the crusher achieved.

United States Patent 1 1 1111 3,908,916

Klushantsev et al. Sept. 30, 1975 [54] GYRATORY CRUSHER 3.454.230 7 1969 AllCI] 241 214 x [76] Inventors: Boris Vasilievich Klushantsev, FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPUCATIONS Komsomolsky P P 15, kv. 672.089 10/1963 Cllnudtl 241/214 Genrikh Alexandrovich Speransky, Nezhlnskayd ulltsa, Primary Exanzir1er--Granville Y. Custer, Jr. both of MOSCOW, Assismnr Eraminer-l-loward N. Goldberg [221 Filed: Nov. 79 1973 Attorney, Agent, or FirmHolman & Stern 1 p 413,454 1571 ABSTRACT A gyratory crusher with a movable crushing head 30 Foreign Application p i i Data Whose center of oscillation is provided below a crush- June 12. 1973 U.S.S.R 1921902 ing Chamber of the machine- The Shaft of the crushing June 12. 1973 U.S.S.R 1921903 head is hollow and Passing inside the hollow shaft is an eccentric shaft whose eccentric is connected to the 1521 US. Cl. 241/213; 241/214; 241/286 PPer end of the Crushing head shaft A drive rotating [51] Int. Cl. B02C 2/06 the eccentric Shaft is provided in the lower Portion of 58 Field of Search 24l/2072l6, the Crusher frame and Connected to the lower end of 241/286 the eccentric shaft. Such a construction permits the lower arrangement of the center of oscillation of the [56] References Cited crushing head to be retained and avoids the necessity UNITED STATES PATENTS of arranging the eccentric shaft drive in the upper portion of the crusher frame. Hcncc charging of the l s it fl crusher with a material to be processed is facilitated 9.6.- Cas'e I 1 2.050.7l8 8/1936 McCaskcll 241 215 x the bllmcmg of Crusher 2.065.821 12/]936 Morch 241/207 UX 1 Claim, 1 Drawing Figure I! 1; 5 ll 5 Sept. 30,1975

US. Patent GYRATORY CRUSHER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to gyratory crushers and more particularly to gyratory crushers having a movable crushing head whose center of oscillation is below the crushing chamber.

PRIOR ART Two specific types of cone crushers are known in the art respectively having a movable crushing head in which the center of oscillation of the crushing head is below the crushing chamber and in which the center of oscillation is above the crushing chamber.

In crushers with the upper center of oscillation of the crushing head, the upper end of the shaft of the crushing head is hingedly suspended in the crusher frame and the lower end is connected with an eccentric shaft whose rotation is effected by a drive arranged in the lower portion of the crusher.

A disadvantage of the above crushers is the limited pressure stroke of the movable head in the upper portion of a crushing chamber, as a result of which pieces of a material to be treated cannot be dependably picked up and crushed intensively. The supply of the material to be crushed to the lower portion of the crushing chamber is poor and accordingly the efficiency of the crusher is reduced.

In crushers with the lower center of oscillation of the crushing head, the shaft of the crushing head is hinged, from its lower end, in the crusher frame and is connected rotatably, from its upper end, with the eccentric shaft rotated by a drive arranged in the upper portion of the crusher (see, for example a crusher according to the German Pat. No. 393,667).

Disadvantages of these crushers involve difficulty in charging due to the upper positioning of the drive of the eccentric shaft as well as the crusher being out of balance, which necessitates, in turn, considerable reinforcement of the supporting assembly of the crusher.

Crusher unbalance is due to the fact that the zone in which a counterweight could be provided to balance the inertia and the moments resulting from the inertial forces of the unbalanced parts of the crusher coincides in height with the crushing chamber and, to be more precise, with the position of the movable crushing head.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The primary object of the invention is to provide a crusher which combines the advantages of both types of crushers as aforementioned housing lower and upper arrangements of the center of oscillation of the crushing head and which are also free from the disadvantages inherent therein.

The practical object of the invention is to modify the design of the crusher so as to retain the lower position of the center of oscillation of the crushing head and at the same time to permit the disposition of the eccentric shaft drive on the lower portion of the crusher. Consequently, the object of the invention is to facilitate the charging of the crusher.

An accompanying object of the invention is to explore the possibility of accommodating a counter weight and thus to ensure balancing of the crusher. Further objects are to increase the crushing efficiency and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of the machine, compared with those machines having the upper arrangement of the center of oscillation of the crushing head.

The objects of the invention are accomplished in a gyratory crusher having a movable crushing head whose shaft is supported, at its lower end, in the crusher frame and .is connected rotatably with an eccentric of the eccentric shaft, wherein according to the invention, the shaft of the crushing head is hollow, with the eccentric shaft passing inside the former shaft and the lower end of the eccentric shaft being kinematically coupled with the drive.

Such an embodiment of the invention permits a counter weight to be arranged in the middle portion of the eccentric shaft being in the hollow space of the shaft of the crushing head. To permit the adjustment of the crushing head with regard to the crushing bowl and, accordingly, to an outlet it is practical to arrange the shaft of the crushing head so as to permit forced longitudinal displacements about the eccentric shaft with the aid of a screw pair whose screw is connected with the lower end of the crushing head shaft and is concentrically mounted with respect to the eccentric shaft so as to permit longitudinal displacement, whereas the nut of the screw pair is kinematically coupled with the drive and secured against longitudinal displacements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING A detailed description of an exemplary embodiment of the invention will now be given, reference being had to the appended drawing which shows a vertical sectional view of the gyratory crusher of the invention having a movable crushing head whose center of oscillation is below the crushing chamber.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The crusher according to the invention comprises a frame 1 which encloses a fixed crushing bowl 2 and a movable crushing head 3. A shaft 4 of the crushing head 3 is hollow. In the hollow space of the shaft 4 of the head 3, there is an eccentric shaft 5 with an eccentric 6 provided in its upper portion.

The ends of the eccentric shaft 5 are secured on the frame 1 of the crusher in bearings 7 and 8. The lower end of the eccentric shaft carries a pulley 9 kinematically coupled with an electric drive (not shown) ensuring the rotation of the eccentric shaft 5.

The upper end of the hollow shaft 4 of the head 3 is rotatably connected with the eccentric 6 of the eccentric shaft 5. The lower end of the shaft 4 of the crushing head 3 rests on a spherical bearing 10 which in turn rests on a screw 1 l of a screw pair ensuring the longitudinal displacement of shaft 4.

To this end, the screw 11 is hollow and set on a sliding connection on a tubular guide 12 which is a part of the crusher frame 1. The guide 12 encloses the lower part of the eccentric shaft 5 with a clearance therebetween to permit rotation of the shaft 5. Coaxial with the screw 11 is a nut 13 of the screw pair, set on said screw and being in contact with the latter along the threaded surface.

A worm wheel 14 is secured on the nut 13 coaxially therebetween and meshes with a worm l5 rotated by its own drive (not shown).

The nut 13 is prevented from axial displacement on one side with the aid of a lug l6 resting against the crusher frame I, and on the other side with the aid of the worm wheel 14.

Inside the hollow shaft 4 of the crushing head 3, a counterweight 17 is arranged on the eccentric shaft in its middle portion.

During the rotation of the eccentric shaft 5. motion is imparted, via the eccentric 6, to the hollow shaft 4 which commences gyrating about a spherical bearing 10. Actuated together with the shaft 4 is the crushing head 3. As the drive of the eccentric shaft 5 is provided below the crusher, the operation of charging the crusher with a material to be processed is much simplified. The lower position of the center of oscillation 18 of the movable head 3 permits the crushing operation to be stepped up owing to an adequately large pressure stroke of the movable head 3 in the upper portion of the crushing chamber 19.

Since the shaft 4 is hollow and the eccentric shaft 5 passes in the hollow of the shaft 4, it is now possible to position the counterweight 17 in a zone in which the inertia and the moments of inertia forces are balanced.

As a result, the supporting assembly of the crusher is much lighter in weight.

To permit the adjustment of the size of the outlet in view of the wear of the crushing members or depending on a required degree of size reduction of the material being crushed or for other reasons, it is necessary to displace the hollow shaft 4 downward or upward and the crushing head 3 therewith. For this purpose, the drive rotating the worm is engaged, whose rotation is transmitted to the worm wheel 14. Since the wheel 14 is rigidly connected to the nut 13, the latter begins to rotate. The nut 13 being secured against longitudinal displacement, and its rotation imparts to the screw 11 longitudinal displacement. As the screw 11 is connected to the hollow shaft 4, there is a respective displacement of the hollow shaft 4 and of the crushing head 3 connected thereto.

What we claim is:

l. A gyratory crusher comprising: a frame having an upper and lower portion: a stationary crushing bowl; a movable crushing head cooperating with the stationary crushing bowl and having a substantially vertically disposed hollow shaft whose lower end is supported for gyratory motion in the lower portion of said frame; a substantially vertically disposed eccentric shaft having an eccentric on its upper end which end is disposed in the upper portion of said frame. said eccentric shaft passing through the hollow space of said hollow shaft, said hollow shaft being coupled at its upper end with said eccentric; drive means provided in the lower portion of said frame and kinematically coupled with the lower end of said eccentric shaft; said hollow shaft being supported for gyratory motion at its lower end on a sleeve; said sleeve being concentrically mounted with respect to the eccentric shaft so as to permit longitudinal movement thereof and having screw threads and a nut mounted on said screw threads in rotational engagement therewith; said nut being secured to the lower portion of said frame to prevent the nut from longitudinal displacement when the nut is rotated; and said nut being kinematically coupled with a drive means. 

1. A gyratory crusher comprising: a frame having an upper and lower portion; a stationary crushing bowl; a movable crushing head cooperating with the stationary crushing bowl and having a substantially vertically disposed hollow shaft whose lower end is supported for gyratory motion in the lower portion of said frame; a substantially vertically disposed eccentric shaft having an eccentric on its upper end which end is disposed in the upper portion of said frame, said eccentric shaft passing through the hollow space of said hollow shaft, said hollow shaft being coupled at its upper end with said eccentric; drive means provided in the lower portion of said frame and kinematically coupled with the lower end of said eccentric shaft; said hollow shaft being supported for gyratory motion at its lower end on a sleeve; said sleeve being concentrically mounted with respect to the eccentric shaft so as to permit longitudinal movement thereof and having screw threads and a nut mounted on said screw threads in rotational engagement therewith; said nut being secured to the lower portion of said frame to prevent the nut from longitudinal displacement when the nut is rotated; and said nut being kinematically coupled with a drive means. 